[Leishmania braziliensis: report of a pediatric imported case with response to liposomal amphotericin B].

Leishmania braziliensis is the main etiologic agent of leishmaniasis in South America. A 9-year-old boy consulted for the presence of round, ulcerative lesions with raised borders that were painful and have appeared after a travel to Bolivia and Brazil. The culture for parasites showed leishmanias and the PCR was positive for L. braziliensis. The patient underwent treatment with itraconazol but due to the persistence of lesions he received liposomal amphotericin B with complete resolution of the lesions. In all lesions by L. braziliensis the treatment must be systemic due to the risk of mucosal dissemination. Liposomal amphotericin B is a convenient alternative to pentavalent antimonials given its efficacy and good tolerance.